To Sleep, Perchance to Dream: Crash Course Psychology #9

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Why do we sleep? Well… that’s a tricky question. More easily answered is the question,”How do we sleep?” In this episode of Crash Course Psychology, Hank discusses some of the ways our brain functions when sleeping and how it can malfunction as well.


Table of Contents

Four Stages of Sleep 02:38
Why We Dream 04:28
Information Processing 08:13
Physiological Function 08:31
Cognitive Development 08:52
Neural Activity Models 09:04


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40 Comments

  1. I will never forget the night I watched Hurt Locker and then dreamed I was disarming bombs… I literally woke myself up by picking up my alarm clock, throwing it down on my bed, putting my pillow over it, and jumping on top of it.

  2. I think that you can go without sleep but only for a short period of time. Next time if I go without sleep it will be over hours that I wanted and needed, so that when I do sleep, I'm satisfied with the time I spent being awake. I didn't really appreciate the time that were on my hands. You can either think of time as never ending or always ending, hopefully I have learnt my lesson and the next I do something like studying and working I can be more thorough and appreciative of the time given to me to succeed, instead of just hoping that the "time" would just go faster.

  3. You speak way too fast.. Teaching psychology u should know any new facts presented need a moment of pause to be absorbed. You hardly give us that time. Despite your session being informative, I felt like leaving it in between.. May b something u should improve on..

  4. I used to have nightmares all the time in middle school. One night I woke up shaking and I prayed the Lord’s Prayer for hours until my alarm went off. Eventually I got to the point that the nightmares made me angrier than scared and I said “shut up” in my nightmare and opened my eyes and I was sitting up looking at the spot that I was talking to in my dream. I had a nightmare about a demon standing in front of my closet with the head of my dead Italian mastiff and the body of a large muscular man and I woke up to my dog barking at the spot that he was standing in my dream so I glanced at my clock. It said 1:14 and I stared at that spot and I glanced at the clock again and it was 5:45 but it went by in a blink of an eye and I have just 15 minutes to sleep. Eventually I got enraged to the point in a nightmare that I solve it by blacking out the dream but what sucked is that I couldn’t stop the sound and eventually the dream continued until one day I blacked out the dream an manifested it as satan and I constantly had to tell him to shut up but it prevented the nightmares but then he started to creep me out because it was still nightmarish to have the devil in your head so I got to the point where instead of telling him to shut up I just imagined a gun and emptied the clip on him. Now every once in a while I get to lucid dream, and nightmares don’t scare men anymore because once they happen instead of my being afraid of whatever happens my mind becomes hell bent on destroying anything that I don’t like in the dream. If it’s a discomforting person I usually imagine them launching off and exploding, if it’s a creature I imagine it being swallowed by the ground. The more aggressive the more effective it is. There is a psychological phenomenon where the more aggressively you pursue something the less you’re bothered by fear. Maybe that built up aggression is what makes the nightmares more like creative mode in Minecraft for me. The worst recent dream that I had that I couldn’t control was two very unholy scary angels coming towards me in my dorm and I was in bed in the dream and when they reached me, since I’ve gotten to the lucid dream point in nightmares I imagined an apple and that told me it was fake and then I couldn’t change anything else in the dream and it was too realistic to let happen and I could feel my heart pounding like I was going to die so I just started screaming in my head in my dream (confusing but it happened) that if I could just move my arm I could wake myself up. You won’t believe how incredibly hard it is to be between consciousness. I was seeing the dream but feeling my arm struggle to move and I could barely open my eyes to the point that I would slightly open them and see my dorm and then they would give in a close back and I would see the nightmare. Eventually I broke out of the paralysis and that was by far my favorite moment of sleeping just because I was so curious how something like that was possible. To be consciously trying to move IRL and splitting your vision between dream and reality. It’s almost like you are actually traveling between realities if you dream about the situation you are currently in. I went back to sleep immediately and when it started back up I told the angles to “beat it” this time because I remembered I could actually talk too (I forgot it the first time) and they disappeared and my dream went black until my alarm went off or maybe I don’t remember the rest.

  5. Why is it that sleep is another state of consciousness but the definition of sleep is to not be conscious. I guess technically it’s like how if something is cold it’s still giving off some level of heat or energy compared to colder objects in the universe so if awake is hot then asleep is just less so I guess. It seems like we aren’t as aware as in we somehow forget that we are lying down horizontally when we are right side up in a dream. I guess that’s for the best because then we’d probably have mental issues with balance and knowing which way is up if our brain clashed the two for 8 hours straight.

  6. I remember once when I worked for a chemical company I had a dream where I was in the work area and we had numerous reaction going on in larger vessel. I wanted to implement what I'd dreamed about but couldn't. Some scientific ideas have come from dream. A scientist name Kekule figured our the structure of benzene in a dream. When he woke up he drew the structure with the carbon atoms in rings.

  7. I started to have excessive REM sleep in childhood so bad I would wake up confused, anxious, delirious, sometimes vomiting. Sleep paralysis. Lots of lucid dreams too. My academic life suffered quite a bit. I'd be falling asleep in class. Averaging 2 hours of sleep per night before doctors found medication to help suppress the dreaming. Brains are weird, and annoying sometimes.

  8. One time just before exam week i was so stressed that I managed to open my bedroom door and slide the window curtains open while sleeping

    Imagine my shock at 2 in the morning, thinking it was a ghost who did it

  9. If dreaming expands neural pathways then would lucid dreaming have any negative side effects? Like blocking that development because your party awake, right? But then again, you usually have little control over your surroundings and so the world is just as strange and unpredictable.

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